Chapter 1 - Introduction to Biology and Laboratory Rules

• Definition and Importance of Biology
• The Contribution of Biology in Everyday Life
• Careers related to Biology
• Safety and Rules in Biology Laboratory
• Methods for Managing Biological Waste
• Accidents in the Laboratory

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Biology and Laboratory Rules

• Practices in a Biology Laboratory
• Scientific Attitudes and Noble Values 

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Biology and Laboratory Rules

• Communicating in Biology
• Scientific Investigation in Biology

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Biology and Laboratory Rules

• Scientific Investigation in Biology + Assessment

Chapter 2 - Cell Biology and Organization

• Cell Structure and Function
• Light Microscope 

Chapter 2 - Cell Biology and Organization

• Electron Microscope
• Functions of Each Organelle
• Comparison between Animal Cells and Plant Cells

Practice Sheet 1 - Biology

Practice Sheet 1 - Biology

Chapter 2 - Cell Biology and Organization

• Living Processes in Unicelllar Organisms
• Cell Organization
• Living Processes in Multicellular Organisms

Chapter 2 - Cell Biology and Organization

• Animal Tissues
• Plant Tissues
• Density of Certain Cell Components and Specialised Cell Functions 

Chapter 2 - Cell Biology and Organization

• Assessment 

Chapter 3 - Movement of Substances across a Plasma Membrane

• Structure of Plasma Membrane
• Definitions, Explanation and Examples of Simple Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport
• Permeability of the Plasma Membrane
• Demonstration of Osmosis Using a Simple Osmometer

Chapter 3 - Movement of Substances across a Plasma Membrane

• Mechanism of Active Transport (Sodium-Potassium Pump)
• Comparison between Passive and Active Transport
• The Effects of Hypotonic, Hypertonic and Isotonic Solutions on Animal Cells
• The Effects of Hypotonic, Hypertonic and Isotonic Solutions on Plant Cells
• Wilting in Plants
• Food Preservation

Chapter 3: The Mole Concept, Chemical Formula and Equation

• Assessment

Chapter 4: Chemical Composition in a Cell

• Water

Chapter 4: Chemical Composition in a Cell

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids

Chapter 4: Chemical Composition in a Cell

• Proteins
• Nucleic Acids
• Assessment

Chapter 5: Metabolism and Enzymes

• Metabolism
• Enzymes

• Experiment on studying the effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions on non-woody stem
• Experiment on studying the digestion of starch in a food sample

Chapter 5: Metabolism and Enzymes

• Enzymes
• Assessment

Chapter 5: Metabolism and Enzymes

• Assessment

Chapter 6: Cell Division

• Introduction

Chapter 6: Cell Division

• Mitosis
• Meiosis

Chapter 6: Cell Division

• Mitosis (revision)
• Meiosis (revision)
• Comparison between mitosis and meiosis
• Issues of cell division on human health
• Assessment

Chapter 6: Cell Division

• Assessment

Chapter 7: Cellular Respiration

• Production of energy through cellular respiration
• Aerobic respiration

Chapter 7: Cellular Respiration

• Anaerobic respiration

• Experiment on studying the movement of substances across a selectively permeable membrane.
• Experiment on studying the effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions on plant cells.

Chapter 7: Cellular Respiration

• Anaerobic respiration
• Comparison between aerobic and anaerobic respiration
• Assessment

Chapter 7: Cellular Respiration

• Assessment

Chapter 8: Respiratory Systems in Humans and Animals

• Gas exchange in insects

Chapter 8: Respiratory Systems in Humans and Animals

• Gas exchange in fish, frogs and human (introduction).

Chapter 8: Respiratory Systems in Humans and Animals

• Gas exchange in human (detailed explanation).

Chapter 8: Respiratory Systems in Humans and Animals

• Compare and contrast the respiratory structures of humans and animals
• Compare and contrast the breathing mechanisms of humans and animals
• Gas exchange in humans - Alveoli
• Transport of Respiratory Gases
• Health issues related to the human respiratory system – Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Chapter 8: Respiratory Systems in Humans and Animals

• Assessment

Chapter 9: Nutrition and the Human Digestive System

• Digestive system
• Digestion
• Absorption

Chapter 9: Nutrition and the Human Digestive System

• Assimilation
• Defaecation
• Balanced diet
• Health issues related to digestive system and eating habits

Chapter 9: Nutrition and the Human Digestive System

• Assessment

Revision:

• Chapter 6 (Mitosis and Meiosis)
• Chapter 7 (Aerobic and anaerobic respiration)

Chapter 10: Transport in Humans and Animals

• Types of circulatory system

Chapter 10: Transport in Humans and Animals

• Circulatory systems of humans
• Mechanism of heartbeat

Chapter 10: Transport in Humans and Animals

• Circulation of blood in human
• Blood clotting mechanism
• Health issues related to blood clotting
• Blood groups of human (ABO blood group and Rhesus factor)

Chapter 10: Transport in Humans and Animals

• Health issues related to the human circulatory system - cardiovascular diseases
• Human lymphatic system
• Comparison of the content of blood, interstitial fluid and lymph
• The relationship between the lymphatic system and the circulatory system
• Role of lymphatic system in transport
• Assessment

Chapter 10: Transport in Humans and Animals

• Assessment

Chapter 11: Immunity in Humans

• Body defence
• Defence mechanism of human body (first line)

Chapter 11: Immunity in Humans

• Defence mechanism of human body (second and third lines)
• Actions of antibodies (opsonisation, agglutination, lysis, precipitation and neutralisation)
• Types of immunity (active and passive immunity)

Chapter 11: Immunity in Humans

• Types of immunity - comparison between artificial active immunity and artificial passive immunity.
• Health issues related to human immunity - AIDS
• Assessment